地震应急信息速报视图自动发布系统的设计与实现     

郑通彦  文鑫涛  李华玥  林向洋 《中国地震》2021,37(1):206-215

基于地震应急基础数据和网络震后灾害信息获取技术的相关研究,利用数据挖掘、大数据分析等理论方法,根据地震应急不同阶段的信息需求,挖掘信息时空属性,建立震情、灾情可视化信息图展现形式,开展对地震数据的整合汇聚、精准服务,创新表达方式,利用高维多元可视化处理技术,构建面向震后信息服务的自媒体可视化产品,并开发“速报视图自动发布系统”。该系统作为地震信息可视化交互服务平台,可实现桌面端和移动端H5页面的可视化发布任务,为今后进一步拓展和充实地震应急信息的可视化工作提供了基础平台和创新思路,在应用示范的基础上,完善系统运行功能,实现大震应急信息可视化服务。  相似文献   

河北省地震局行政值班管理系统的设计与实现     

茅远哲  马旭东  李振波 《山西地震》2021,(1):46-49

近年来,各级党委政府全面推进机关事业单位值班工作制度化、规范化和标准化,地震系统行政值班人员数量、频次、要求越来越高,责任越来越大。针对河北省地震局行政值班工作的人工管理现状,科研人员结合当前值班规则与工作需求,设计开发一套河北省地震局行政值班管理系统,通过模块实现在线自动排班换班、实时更新排班情况与值班次数统计等功能,运用网络服务推动值班值守工作数字化管理与在岗信息资源整合,充分发挥值班室在常规值班与地震事件应急过程中的协调督导作用,推进机关值班工作科学化、便捷化和高效化,为广大职工提供更优质的服务。  相似文献   

基于Elman神经网络算法的地震经济损失快速评估研究     

郑韵  杨天青  王青平  郑超  朱耿青  魏娟 《中国地震》2021,37(3):610-619

地震经济损失快速评估是应急救灾的重要决策依据。本文选取了震级、极震区烈度、极震区烈度和抗震设防烈度之差ΔI、人口密度、人均GDP等5个指标作为输入层节点,将地震灾害的直接经济损失作为输出层节点,通过对1996—2013年的地震灾害损失资料进行训练和仿真分析,构建了Elman神经网络地震经济损失快速估计模型。运用该模型,对近年来的7个破坏性地震的直接经济损失进行评估分析,评估结果和实际直接经济损失有较好的一致性,该方法为地震经济损失快速评估提供了一种新思路。  相似文献   

震后茂县牟托村堆积物特征与植被分布关系     

闵维康  吴勇  刘海  姜丽丽  陈东 《地下水》2012,(4):147-149

"5·12"大地震后,茂县牟托地区的地形地貌和生态系统受到很大的破坏。本文对茂县牟托地区典型斜坡的植物生长状况、土壤颗粒组成、土壤含水率进行了调查分析,获得了土壤颗粒大小、渗透性、含水率与植物生长之间的关系;研究表明,土壤颗粒组成中,细颗粒所占比例越高,其渗透系数越小,土壤含水率越大,植物的生长状况愈佳;土壤细颗粒所占比例相近的情况下,含水率高的地区植物生长好。根据研究成果,结合生态恢复的技术和方案实施的安全性以及可行性,提出水泥喷灌、修筑挡水阶梯和排水沟、种植植物等生态恢复的方案以及保持斜坡稳定的措施。  相似文献   

地震次生地质灾害应急调查多源遥感影像处理及应用——以汶川大地震为例     

仇文侠  许辉熙 《四川地质学报》2012,(4):472-474

汶川大地震发生后,遥感技术即刻成为抢险救灾的重要信息来源,多源遥感影像的协同快速处理尤为关键。以国道213（映秀-汶川段）为例,探讨了研究区TM正射影像、DMC航空影像及QB影像三种数据的协同快速处理,处理后的影像色彩统一、色调一致,质量较好,能满足灾情应急调查使用。  相似文献   

Rise of the Dormant: Simulated Disturbance Improves Culturable Abundance,Diversity, and Functions of Deep-Sea Bacteria of Central Indian Ocean Basin     

P. A. Loka Bharathi  Shanta Nair 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):419-428

The abundance of baroduric bacteria from nine sediment cores (0–10 cm below sea floor) was examined for their response to simulated benthic disturbance in the Central Indian basin (CIB). While the total counts of bacteria decreased from 10⁹ to 10⁶ g^?1 dry wt sediment, the average retrievable counts (CFU-colony forming units) improved by two orders of magnitude, i.e., from 10² 10⁴ g^?1 dry wt sediment. The baroduric retrievable forms were dominated by Acinetobacter and Moraxella sp before the disturbance. After the disturbance the generic diversity was represented by Staphylococcus sp, Enterobacter sp, Micrococcus sp, Coryneforms sp, and Pseudomonas sp in addition to Acinetobacter. These observations were corroborated by changes in enzymatic activities of the retrievable bacteria, which could lead to changes in the biochemical characteristics of the sediment. Thus the simulated disturbance brought about an increase in culturable abundance, taxonomic and functional diversity of deep-sea sediment of the CIB.  相似文献   

TGR-2050型验潮仪在珠江口潮汐测量中的应用分析     

王玉春  方荣华  杨建宇  宁林春  张延飞 《海洋测绘》2013,33(1):63-65

使用压力式TGR-2050型验潮仪,在珠江口等河道入海口测量潮汐时,误差比较大;针对珠江口潮汐的特点,分析和研究了大气压扰动、潮流、海水密度、压力感应零点漂移等因素对潮汐测量带来的误差,有针对性地提出解决方案,并通过实验证明了方案的可行性。  相似文献   

Earthquakes,catastrophic sediment additions and the response of urban stream communities     

JS Harding  PG Jellyman 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):346-355

Disturbance events can regularly impact stream ecosystems; however, large-scale catastrophic disturbances are rare. From September 2010 to September 2011 Christchurch City experienced over 8500 earthquakes including a magnitude 7.1. One consequence was catastrophic additions of silt and sand into waterways throughout the city. Of 161 km of permanent waterways, 102 km (63%) were affected by earthquake siltation. Benthic invertebrates and fish communities were compared across 16 streams with differing siltation. Invertebrate taxonomic richness decreased significantly (mean 17 taxa reduced to 10 taxa) and EPT taxa (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) were removed entirely from streams receiving heavy siltation. Fish richness and density decreased significantly, with fish absent from some heavily silted streams. Many of these urban streams are sourced from springs and their stable flows and low gradient limit their ability to flush sediment. We predict that without human intervention there will be a long-term sediment legacy and it may take many years for these streams to recover from this catastrophic disturbance.  相似文献   

干扰对生物土壤结皮及其理化性质的影响   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11  

梁少民  吴楠  王红玲  聂华丽  张元明 《干旱区地理》2005,28(6):818-823

生物土壤结皮作为荒漠地区特殊环境的产物,具有较强的抗风蚀、水蚀功能,也是干旱荒漠地区植被演替的重要基础。随着人类活动的加剧,生物土壤结皮也受到不同类型和不同程度的干扰,主要包括放牧、火烧、车辆碾压等形式。干扰对生物土壤结皮的影响主要表现在生物土壤结皮结构及盖度的变化、土壤理化性质的改变、土壤微生物数量及活性的变化等几个方面。放牧对土壤物理性质的影响还没有一致的结论,除了干扰的程度还与土壤含水量有关系。火烧虽然改善了土壤结构,但是破坏了地表植被的盖度,而且恢复比较困难,也加速了外界侵蚀的力度,对土壤化学性质也有显著影响。机械碾压的破坏力最强,且没有任何的积极意义。  相似文献   

Recovery of benthic macroinvertebrate and epilithic communities following a large flood,in an unstable,braided, New Zealand river     

Garry J. Scrimgeour  Robert J. Davidson  Jacqueline M. Davidson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):337-344

Benthic macroinvertebrates and small stones were collected from a riffle in the Ashley River, North Canterbury, New Zealand, on 12 occasions within a 132‐day period following a particularly large flood in 1986. Despite the occurrence of smaller floods during this period, benthic macroinvertebrate communities and stone surface organic layers recovered rapidly. Mean concentration of stone surface organic carbon increased from 0.23 g/m² to 1.01 g/m² stone surface in the first 23 days after the flood and chlorophyll a concentration increased from 0.13 mg/m² (day 3) to 9.2 mg/m² by day 132. Minor floods during the recovery period had little effect on organic layer biomass. Mean faunal density increased from 230/m² to 7920/m² during this time and taxon richness from 7 to 21 per 5 benthic samples. Immediately after the flood and throughout the study period the fauna was dominated by larvae of Deleatidium (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae), Hydora (Coleoptera: Elmidae), and Chironomidae. Re‐establishment of Deleatidium populations in previously denuded brands was effected by oviposition, egg‐hatching, and larval immigration. Minor braids are likely to represent important epicentres from which recolonisation proceeds.  相似文献